Šumava National Park, also called Bohemian Forest National Park, is a protected area in the South Bohemian region of the Czech Republic. It is located near the borders with Germany and Austria, where smaller parks like the Bavarian Forest National Park are also found. The park protects a mountain range named Šumava or Bohemian Forest, which has few people living there.

Šumava National Park covers about two-thirds of a larger area called the Šumava Protected Landscape Area (Šumava PLA), which was created in 1963. In 1990, this area was named a UNESCO biosphere reserve, and in 1991, it became a national park.

The Bohemian Forest mountain range has the largest forest in Central Europe. However, the natural mix of trees has changed over time, and most of the area now has spruce trees planted by humans. These spruce trees are not well-suited to the local climate and are often damaged by strong winds or insects like the bark beetle. The area also includes large plateaus with peat bogs, glacial lakes, and old forests, such as Boubín. These habitats are rarely disturbed by people because most of the German-speaking residents left after World War II, and the region became part of a border area that was mostly empty. Since the 1970s, lynxes have lived in the area.

A large protected area was created on December 27, 1963, covering most of the Bohemian Forest. On March 20, 1991, the most important part of this area was made a national park, while the rest remained a protected landscape area to act as a buffer zone around the park.